Short answer
This is the read-your-writes anomaly caused by asynchronous replication lag: the write committed on the primary but the read hit a replica that's milliseconds-to-seconds behind.
Explanation
Fixes include routing a user's reads to the primary for a short window after their write (sticky-to-primary), reading from the primary inside the same logical operation, or using replica lag-aware routing that only serves replicas caught up past the write's LSN/GTID. Reporting and non-critical reads can still hit replicas freely.
Common mistakes
- Saying replicas are always in sync.
- Not offering read-your-writes routing for the user who wrote.